Koch explained to ScienceAlert that it may be time to rethink one of neuroscience's deepest assumptions: that consciousness is something the brain produces. Instead, he asks a different question: Does the brain create consciousness, or could it be shaping something more fundamental? Despite remarkable progress in understanding how the brain processes information, neuroscience still faces a profound mystery, Koch argues. Koch argues that if current assumptions about consciousness prove incomplete, neuroscience itself may eventually require a similarly profound conceptual shift. He argues that consciousness remains one of science's greatest unsolved mysteries, and that understanding it may require researchers to rethink long-held assumptions about the relationship between mind, brain, and reality.