That process was further solidified in recent days after Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed a historic joint defence agreement. The nascent states of Saudi Arabia and Turkey formally established relations in the 1930s, and the two countries remained cordial for many decades. Since patching up ties, Turkey and Saudi Arabia have signed deals on technology, defence and renewable energy. In the summer of 2023, Saudi Arabia agreed to buy Turkish drones in the biggest defence contract in Turkey's history. Somalia is another arena where Turkey and Saudi Arabia find themselves on one side and Abu Dhabi on the other.