Airlines spent much of the spring warning investors that soaring fuel prices would hammer profits. IATA expects jet fuel to average $152 per barrel in 2026, up from $90 in 2025, lifting it from roughly a quarter of industry operating expenses to nearly a third. The Iran war sent jet fuel to four-year highs, forcing airlines to cut capacity, delay spending, and, in some cases, withdraw guidance. Although prices have eased since April's peak, jet fuel remains roughly 75% above year-ago levels, according to IATA’s Fuel Price Monitor. A fresh batch of quarterly results offer valuable insight into how the fuel shock actually landed, and how airlines managed the spike.