Merchants offer a common UPI payment option, while customers choose whether to pay through PhonePe, Google Pay, Paytm or another Third-Party Application Provider (TPAP). Under the proposed UPI Meta protocol, users would set a preferred UPI app just once, allowing merchants to invoke it automatically for future payments. UPI Meta, however, is different. In his view, the legality of UPI Meta will depend on how the feature is implemented rather than on the feature itself. Instead, he describes UPI Meta as a TPAP-neutral, user-directed design that improves convenience without distorting competition.