Researchers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are conducting important vaccine trials that could help improve protection against Mpox among some of the groups most vulnerable to severe disease, including pregnant women, infants and young children. The research focuses on the MVA-BN vaccine, a non-replicating smallpox and Mpox vaccine developed by Bavarian Nordic. The vaccine has already been used to help control Mpox outbreaks among adults and adolescents, but limited information has restricted its use among younger children, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers. While many people recover, the disease can become severe among young children, pregnant women and individuals with weakened immune systems. By placing mothers and children at the centre of vaccine research, the DRC trials could help shape a more equitable global response to Mpox and strengthen preparedness for future outbreaks.