Human Rights Watch documented surveillance of observers and protesters by ICE agents during immigration operations in Minnesota in December 2025 and January 2026. It could also lead to privacy rights violations. These additional resources for ICE risk continued or expanded use of surveillance and profiling technology without safeguards or redress. Congress should ensure rights-compliant use of technology by federal agencies, including by requiring that any use of surveillance technology comply with international human rights law and standards. Congress should also adopt a strong federal data protection law and update federal privacy law to regulate government agencies’ and private companies’ collection, analysis, and sharing of personal data.