One executive order expands the list of non-citizens whose children would not qualify for automatic US citizenship. The second order targets “birth tourism,” the practice of pregnant women travelling to the United States to give birth so their children receive US citizenship. Trump and senior officials have repeatedly argued that birth tourism allows adversarial countries, including Russia and China, to exploit American citizenship rules. Miller said the president has authority under the Immigration and Nationality Act to restrict birth tourism by setting limits on who may enter the country. Trump first sought to end birthright citizenship shortly after returning to office in 2025 through an executive order.