The ministry was responding to a question on misleading advertisements by EdTech platforms promising 100 per cent placements, high-paying jobs and unauthorised institutional affiliations, as well as complaints related to fake universities, invalid degrees and unaccredited foreign tie-ups. If the response is found unsatisfactory, the institution is included in the UGC’s list of fake universities. To curb fake universities and unauthorised institutions, the UGC established its Anti-Malpractice Cell (AMPC) on May 30, 1996. The latest list of fake universities is available on the UGC website. Students have been advised to verify the credentials and recognition status of higher education institutions through the official UGC website before taking admission.