For example, they live longer than men yet also experience more frailty later in life. Under traditional models of aging, reproduction and longevity are often seen as at odds with one another. But it doesn’t explain why women live longer than men, or why queen bees, for example, live for years while drones live only weeks. In fact, in many species, the females that invest more heavily in their offspring also live longer lives. Unlocking the secrets of how reproduction allows women to live longer may lead to therapies that benefit both sexes.