The paper never says exactly how the world should go about reducing the population by such drastic amounts. For example, Lianos and Pseiridis (2016) calculated the sustainable (overshoot-free) population at 3.1 billion living on the global 2011 average income. Willey (2000) presents an argument that a population around 1 billion would be sustainable for “a good quality of life available to everyone everywhere.” According to an exclusive NBC News report, Defense Department policy chief Elbridge Colby is drafting the new strategy where nuclear weapons are concerned, involving shorter-range tactical munitions. With the superpowers all rewriting their nuclear doctrines, the chances of all-out nuclear war have been greatly enhanced.