A newly identified primate species from southern Wyoming is challenging a long-standing view of how some early primates evolved. The fossil, named Tetonius varleyorum, suggests that evolution may have involved both gradual transformation and separate branches developing in parallel. Fossils outside One Basin Change the Evolutionary PictureEarlier interpretations of Tetonius evolution were largely based on fossils from the Bighorn Basin in northwestern Wyoming. Tetonius varleyorum shifted one incisor toward the lip, while Pseudotetonius ambiguus reduced another tooth and fused its roots. For now, Tetonius varleyorum shows that early primate evolution involved multiple paths across Wyoming rather than a single uninterrupted sequence.