Eighty-one years on from the atomic bombings of Japan, the uncomfortable truth is that nuclear weapons are the reason that World War Three has been avoided. As Susan Martin, a nuclear scholar based at King’s College London, wrote ‘in their essence, nuclear weapons are deterrent weapons. As nuclear wars cannot be won, nuclear weapons offer little by way of battlefield utility. He encourages the US to increase the size of its nuclear arsenal to reduce the ‘expected cost of nuclear war.’ The combined fatalities of World War One and World War Two exceeded 80,000,000 deaths.