The UK’s civil nuclear energy sector is entering a transformative phase, driven by energy security, decarbonisation, and net-zero emission targets. It plays a vital role in every stage of the nuclear energy lifecycle. Advanced reactors and SMRsAmong the most promising developments in nuclear energy are advanced reactor technologies and SMRs. Developing this capability is essential to maintaining the UK’s competitiveness and supporting future deployment of nuclear technologies. Balancing nuclear energy and metrology to boost the UK’s energy systemNuclear energy has a significant role to play in the UK’s future energy system, but its success will depend on the sector’s ability to demonstrate safety, performance, and environmental stewardship over many decades.