SPECIFIC sleep variables and cognitive performance show significant prospective relationships in middle-aged and older adults, according to a large multi-cohort study. Sleep Variables and Cognitive Performance Across Five CohortsThe investigators evaluated 44 distinct polysomnography metrics, establishing nine latent sleep composites that explained nearly half of the total variance across participants. These observations suggest that while macrostructural and microstructural sleep consolidation supports immediate cognitive performance, sleep metrics alone may not serve as standalone prognostic markers for future dementia. Future clinical investigations must determine whether targeted sleep therapies can actively preserve cognitive performance or if altered sleep architecture merely reflects concurrent neural health. Association of Sleep Variables With Cognitive Performance and the Risk of Dementia in the Sleep and Dementia Consortium.