Though the modern state successfully frames itself as the ultimate guarantor of positive rights, it is the opposite: a systematic violator of negative property rights. Yet, it is important to remember that property rights were never a given. Even in societies in which property rights were recognized, these rights have often been honored in the breach. Incidentally, the state was more easily able to become the prime violator of property rights as private property violations declined. Voluntary Unlearning and Conscious RevaluationIn this context of duality, the political fight for property rights can seem daunting, of course.