Latest Videos From Live Science Watch full video here:What is dam sedimentation? In the study, published June 5 in the journal Nature Sustainability , researchers assessed the state of reservoir sedimentation globally. "A big part of preventing reservoir sedimentation problems is upstream soil conservation in the watershed," East said. Another option is to empty the reservoir of water and let the river cut a channel through the sediment, Kondolf said. However, released dam sediment brings its own risks.