It runs through the entire architecture the world relies on to judge whether forest and landscape management works, from strict protected areas through logging concessions to industrial plantations. A parallel effort runs through Landscape Alliance’s Global Comparative Study on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (GCS REDD+), now in its fourth phase after 26 years of tracking results-based forest carbon finance on the ground. But forest carbon remains the only dimension of this problem with a workable outcome metric already in place. Leigh Ann Winowiecki discusses spatial maps with colleagues during a landscape planning session. Whether the next decade of forest and landscape finance actually puts them to use, results-based, outcome-based or simply better funded, or keeps rewarding the scorecard instead of the forest, is not yet decided.