Those who assume economic disparities are caused by racial discrimination rely on what Robert Nozick termed “normative sociology,” where any narrative can be used to derive one’s preferred causal explanations. Accordingly, the policy debate is not concerned with causation, but simply with establishing that discrimination exists and measuring attainment gaps. Instead, he identifies correlations that may help further our understanding of wealth gaps between different racial groups. For example, in her review of Sowell’s Discrimination and Disparities, Jennifer Dolec argues that the correlation between having a criminal record and difficulty finding a job is a mystery. And yet, when their belief that discrimination causes economic disadvantage is challenged by evidence of many other factors that correlate with economic disadvantage, they hasten to remind us that correlation is not causation.