After opening with a brief look at space flights in the past few decades, Mr. Rees argues that advancements in robotics and miniaturization are diminishing the practical case for human spaceflights. In other words, space exploration is another area of human activity where machines could take on tasks that were once thought to require human presence. Unlike humans, machines can endure extreme conditions and operate with unmatched efficiency, making them ideal for exploring distant planets and moons. Robotic missions should, therefore, take priority, while human space travel should be the preserve of private ventures that cater to thrill-seekers. This captivating talk inspires curiosity and contemplation, all while remaining firmly grounded in the laws of physics and cosmological models..