Russian refineries processed an estimated 3.6 million barrels per day in July, the lowest monthly level since May 2002 and roughly one-third below the seasonal average. Between 2020 and 2025, Russian refineries typically processed between 5.3 million and 5.6 million barrels per day during the same period. Ukraine struck 18 Russian refineries in July, surpassing the previous monthly record of 17 attacks set in May. Ukrainian drones also struck five large oil tankers, five pieces of port infrastructure and two pipelines during the month. Last week, Russia extended its ban on most diesel and gasoline exports to prevent domestic shortages as refinery outages reduced fuel production.