A recent systematic review published in the Indian Journal of Leprosy in January 2026 reveals that our genes act as much more than just simple "on/off" switches for leprosy susceptibility. Instead, a complex mix of genetic variants actively steers the immune system's battle against Mycobacterium leprae. Therefore, the systematic review evaluated nine human genetic studies across diverse global populations to explore the genomic links to leprosy. It specifically focused on understanding how these genetics influence clinical disease susceptibility, Type 1 Reaction (T1R) incidence, and related neuroinflammatory pathways. LRRK2 Polymorphisms in Leprosy – A Systematic Review Linking Genetic Susceptibility to Immune Dysregulation and Disease Outcome.