The guidelines, released as a public notice signed by NRS management, apply to taxpayers, Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs), P2P marketplace operators, tax practitioners and, in the Service’s own words, “all persons engaged in virtual asset activities”. The Nigeria Revenue Service has issued comprehensive guidelines on the taxation of virtual assets, providing a regulatory framework for the taxation of cryptocurrency and other digital asset transactions in line with the Nigeria Tax Act, 2025, and the Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025. According to the notice, the document covers valuation principles and the tax treatment of virtual asset transactions and was drawn up to align with two pieces of legislation that reshaped Nigeria’s tax architecture this year. The new guidelines are aimed at taxpayers, Virtual Asset Service Providers, Peer-to-Peer marketplace operators, tax practitioners and individuals engaged in virtual asset activities, as the Federal Government intensifies efforts to expand the country’s tax base and strengthen compliance within the rapidly growing digital economy. That shift in tone hardened into law this year with the Nigeria Tax Act, 2025, and the Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025, both of which folded virtual assets squarely into the mainstream tax net for the first time.