A poop transplant — otherwise known as a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) — may help adults with long-term insomnia sleep better, a small study suggests. After the transplant, study participants' gut bacteria became more diverse than an untreated group of people with insomnia. The gut and brain communicate in various ways, including via chemicals made by gut microbes that travel to the brain via the bloodstream, Hashimoto explained. he said — a disordered microbiome driving insomnia, or insomnia reshaping the microbiome and worsening symptoms. Several types of bacteria became more abundant after FMT, while others decreased, suggesting that FMT reshapes the gut microbiome.