On March 13, 2025, Hugo Moreno-Mendez arrived at the McLennan County Probation Department in Waco, Texas, expecting a routine probation check-in. According to a criminal complaint reviewed by WIRED, officers drove Moreno-Mendez to a nearby ICE field office. Yet once the DNA profiles of detained people enter the FBI’s Combined DNA Index System, or CODIS, law enforcement agencies across the country can compare them against evidence from unsolved crimes—and against crime-scene DNA collected years or even decades from now. DHS did not address Georgetown’s estimate that ICE may have added hundreds of thousands of profiles to CODIS in 2025. For most of the program's history, migrant DNA collection played out at the border, where Customs and Border Protection swabbed people it took into custody.