Recycling critical minerals is becoming a global priority, with many countries investing in new tech and infrastructure to close the loop on valuable resources. Importantly, the scheme targets the entire recycling value chain involved in the actual extraction of critical minerals, excluding operations limited to black mass production. Recycling things like lithium-ion batteries is pretty complex and needs advanced tech and infrastructure that India is still building up. The U.S. too is investing heavily in critical mineral recycling through government programs and private sector partnerships, aiming to reduce dependence on imports, especially from China. According to reports the EU has ambitious plans to boost critical mineral recycling as part of its Green Deal and Circular Economy Action Plan.