The ‘Holy Spirit Movement’ (1986–87)This movement emerged in Uganda between 1986 and 1987. Arguably, the co-option of these Christian beliefs made it easier to incorporate traditional beliefs regarding spirit mediums (otherwise unacceptable within orthodox Christianity). Then, the so-called ‘Holy Spirit Movement’ (HSM) appeared, led by a spirit medium named Alice Auma. Gaining support from this group assisted her to launch her own – ‘Holy Spirit’ – movement. As with the ‘Holy Spirit Movement’ this all purported to root it in a Judeo-Christian tradition (particularly an Old Testament one).