Both papers credited OpenAI’s newly released GPT-5.6 Sol Ultra with finding the core ideas behind their proofs and construction. Neither paper has been peer-reviewed, and the result concerns a specialized corner of quantum cryptography known as unclonable encryption. He had also been experimenting with using AI in his own research, so he put GPT-5.6 Sol Ultra to work on it. He directed the Ultra system, which OpenAI says coordinates four AI agents in parallel by default, to work in two-hour stretches. Earlier this year Broadbent and several collaborators published essentially the same construction that Ananth’s AI system initially proposed.