The Trump administration's announcement that it was negotiating a 30-year civil nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia immediately generated concern. Saudi Arabia would receive access to American nuclear technology only if it formally joined the Abraham Accords and established diplomatic relations with Israel. It uses access to advanced American technology as leverage to advance a broader strategic objective: integrating Saudi Arabia into a US-led regional security architecture. Saudi Arabia faces precisely that challenge. Saudi Arabia and Israel confront the same adversary.