Prof. Jae Youn Hwang’s research team achieved a breakthrough in addressing this challenge by combining artificial intelligence (AI) with physics-based optimization technology. A key feature of this technology is its ability to enable multi-site brain stimulation using only a single thin 3D-printed lens and a single ultrasound transducer. It simultaneously and uniformly focuses ultrasound on multiple brain regions without the need for expensive equipment. Simulations using human skull data also confirmed that focal accuracy and the balance of energy delivery across multiple targets were similarly improved. Euiheon Chung and Hyuk Sang Kwon of GIST as the corresponding authors, was published in the July 2026 issue of Brain Stimulation, a leading international journal in the field of brain stimulation.