Repeated antisemitic abuse has left some Jewish students reluctant to report incidents because they believe little will change, a royal commission has heard. He described Jewish students encountering antisemitic stereotypes, Holocaust references and verbal abuse during activities beyond their own school. In one incident, money was thrown on the ground in front of Jewish students as part of conduct invoking the stereotype that Jewish people are preoccupied with wealth. The cumulative effect of such incidents had worn students down, he said. While some Jewish students felt able to disregard the hostility, others withdrew or avoided drawing attention to their identity.