When the animals later recalled that fear memory, Nader, PhD, showed that it briefly became fragile and could be disrupted before being restabilized—a discovery that fundamentally changed our understanding of memory. Each session began by asking participants to deliberately recall a distressing memory, triggering memory reconsolidation. As soon as participants revisited a traumatic memory, the researchers delivered TMS to the personalized brain region. Rather than helping people forget painful experiences, these approaches seek to transform their relationship to them, allowing traumatic memories to be recalled without the same overwhelming fear, shame, or self-blame. Rather, it is about being able to move forward and live free from the effects of the traumatic event.”