OpenAI’s ChatGPT and the controversial video game Roblox could become subject to the most stringent rules under the European Union’s landmark Digital Services Act (DSA). The bloc brands online services with more than 45m EU-based users as very large online platforms (VLOPs) or very large online search engines (VLOSEs). These designations trigger specific rules that aim to tackle the unique risks that large platforms might pose to the safety of its European users, including around illegal content, ad transparency, health and safety. Rules include creating user-friendly terms and conditions, establishing a point of contact for authorities and users, and the reporting of criminal offences. Designated platforms that don’t comply with these rules can face penalties of up to 6pc of their global annual turnover.