The Federal Court has already articulated the constitutional principles that should guide that inquiry. The Federal Court subsequently adopted that broader constitutional approach unanimously in CCH v Pendaftar Besar bagi Kelahiran dan Kematian. Most importantly, the Federal Court cautioned that a constitutional provision intended to protect abandoned children must encompass their actual plight. Section 19B protects an abandoned child only where the child satisfies the threshold description of a “new born child found exposed”. When constitutional citizenship becomes practically unattainable for those most vulnerable to statelessness, the consequences extend far beyond legal doctrine.