Over the past decade China has enhanced its nuclear weapons programmes, with comprehensive investment in warhead design, test, manufacture and delivery capabilities. But nonetheless China’s long march towards being if not the nuclear superpower than a nuclear superpower has been relentless. China’s nuclear warhead stockpile is a distant third compared to Russia and the US. China could approach near parity by having a higher proportion of a stockpile of 1,200–1,500 warheads operationally deployed on missiles. Survivability as China’s Main Current PriorityImproving the survivability of China’s arsenal to assure a second-strike capability has been China’s clear priority over the past decade.