The first nationwide genomic analysis of human-derived Andes virus (ANDV) in Chile has revealed two geographically distinct viral lineages while finding no consistent genetic signatures associated with severe disease or person-to-person transmission. It causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe disease characterised by rapid respiratory failure and high mortality. No Genetic Link to Disease SeverityDespite identifying substantial regional genetic diversity, the researchers found no evidence that viral genetics alone explained why some patients developed more severe disease. Findings Strengthen Genomic Surveillance EffortsThe authors conclude that Andes virus diversity in Chile is shaped primarily by regional evolution rather than differences in clinical presentation. First nationwide full-genome characterisation of human-derived Andes virus in Chile: a retrospective genomic epidemiology study The Lancet Microbe, 2026; DOI: 10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101454,