Ironically, many countries will find that sustaining a self-reliant defense industry requires heavy reliance on others for technology sharing, industrial production, and markets. If one phrase could explain the aspirations of South Korea since its independence, “self-reliance” might be it. While North Korea made juche—roughly, “self-reliance”—its organizing principle, building its defense industry by cannibalizing the civilian economy and isolating its people, South Korea pursued self-reliance by integrating itself into networks. These moves did not challenge the U.S. alliance structure; rather, South Korea used its interdependence to accumulate the resources it needed. Kyiv has rightly celebrated its rapid development of a defense industry in the midst of its war against Russia.