For many Malawians, the search for work abroad begins with hope — but for some, it ends in exploitation. Malawi Human Rights Commission Executive Secretary Habiba Osman described trafficking as “modern-day slavery,” noting the Middle East has become a particular area of concern following cases involving Malawians who travelled for work and later suffered exploitation and abuse. The Ministry of Labour, Skills and Innovation said preventing trafficking depends on ensuring migration happens through legitimate channels. Osman said Malawi already has a legal framework to combat trafficking through the Trafficking in Persons Act of 2015, but said implementation, resourcing and coordination remain the key gaps. “Every Malawian embassy should know where its citizens are, monitor their welfare, and respond quickly when they receive reports of abuse,” she said.