Today, Saudi Arabia is at the forefront of the efforts to establish a Palestinian state and deliver a lasting peace arrangement with Israel. Within that framework, recognition of Israel and the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state are parallel components of a single settlement. Two decades later, the Crown Prince and later King Abdullah expanded the same strategic logic through the 2002 Arab Peace Initiative. For the Saudi monarchy, support for Palestinian statehood has never been solely a matter of foreign policy. For the kingdom, however, the essential political requirement remains unchanged: the actual and irreversible establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state.