Various microbes produce DNA-binding toxins (naturally occurring toxic substances) that may cause harmful mutations in DNA. In Axel Rosendahl Huber’s research, organoids, which are simple miniature versions of the intestine grown from intestinal cells, are exposed to these toxins to determine whether they can cause permanent DNA mutations. These fingerprints will then be used to determine whether mutations caused by microbial toxins are present in the DNA of healthy intestinal cells and colorectal cancer cells. If so, this would suggest that such microbial toxins may contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. This research will provide insight into risk factors for colorectal cancer and may help identify new opportunities for prevention.