Since then the non-citizen population has likely dropped, but the number is unclear since immigrants facing hostility are reluctant to cooperate with government surveys. Another group, The Center for Migration Studies of New York, estimated the undocumented population at 14.6 million for 2024. Non-citizens could be legal immigrants on visas or awaiting citizenship, as well as undocumented immigrants. The Center for Migration Studies in January called the DHS claim a “self-serving fantasy” based on a “flawed analysis of the Census Bureau’s monthly Current Population Survey.” Most likely the lower numbers in the survey reflect an unwillingness by immigrants to cooperate with surveys like the Current Population Survey, the January report said.