According to the Open Source Initiative, Open Weights indicate incremental progress in AI transparency. The organisation explains that Open Weights refer to the final weights and biases of a trained neural network. However, Open Weights differ significantly from Open Source AI because it does not include training code, the training dataset or comprehensive data transparency. While Open Weights is more transparent than proprietary, the body points to other elements of Open Source AI that are still missing, including lack of reproducibility; data opacity; regulatory hurdles; and limited community collaboration. There are also ethical consideration, according to the Open Source Initiative: Open source AI allows reviewers to spot and address potential biases early; while Open Weights alone can’t provide enough context to guarantee ethical performance.