Zohran Mamdani's proposal to open city-backed grocery stores is being pitched as a solution to New York City's affordability crisis, but the plan is already attracting scrutiny over its cost, impact on existing businesses and long-term sustainability. Analyses cited by critics suggest there are roughly 45 grocery stores within a 35-minute walk of the proposed site, including supermarket chains and independently owned neighbourhood markets. Supporters argue those subsidies make lower grocery prices possible without placing the entire financial burden on operators. Critics counter that the lower prices do not eliminate costs but instead shift them from shoppers to taxpayers. Opponents argue that government-backed grocery stores risk distorting competition while creating an ongoing financial obligation for taxpayers.