The first document, from ANSES (2019), is the case report that led to the inclusion of Bifidobacterium on the list. It describes an episode of infectious endocarditis attributed to probiotic consumption in a 66-year-old woman in France. The second document (Esaiassen et al., 2017) is a series of 15 case reports of bacteremia caused by Bifidobacterium species. The available evidence indicates that Bifidobacterium species and their use in foods have a favorable safety profile, while continued monitoring remains appropriate. Finally, the terminology used has contributed to confusion, as infectious endocarditis appears to have been used interchangeably with bacterial infection.