Researchers have created a wearable patch that can detect hazards in the environment – such as dangerous gases or heavy metals in water – and then notify wearers by vibrating against their skin. Wearable, multimodal sensor that detects gaseous, aerosolized, and aqueous environmental toxins and alerts the wearer via unique haptic feedback codes. First, we wanted to miniaturize the sensors and incorporate them into a wearable patch to identify any potential risks to the wearer. The e-skin essentially layers the sensor patch over a layer of piezoelectric material. In proof-of-concept testing, the e-skin allowed quadrupedal robots to detect hazards and alter their routes to avoid those hazards.