What the PediCAP Trial MeasuredInvestigators enrolled 1,101 children aged 2 months to 6 years with severe community-acquired pneumonia. Children were randomly assigned either to step down from IV to oral antibiotics once their condition improved, or to complete the standard five-day IV course. The confirmed finding is that an earlier switch to oral antibiotics did not increase readmissions or deaths in this trial population. The most affected group is children hospitalized with severe pneumonia in resource-limited settings. It tested when to switch children hospitalized with severe pneumonia from intravenous antibiotics to oral antibiotics, not whether antibiotics should be given.