University Yale UniversityA new study digs into what the brain is doing when we’re unaware of our actions. In the late 19th century, psychologists William James and Wilhelm Wundt staked out opposing theories of action awareness. For the study, Jin had participants play the game while simultaneously watching background videos they were told to memorize. “If you correctly reported what you were doing, but felt no agency in it, would it be true awareness?” They found that brain signals differed between aware and unaware moves both before and after the action.