Nigam Mishra, a 22-year-old software entrepreneur, told CNA that he began exploring offline messaging apps after hearing protesters describe connectivity problems at the Jantar Mantar protest site on Monday (Jul 20). Downloads of other offline messaging apps, including Bridgefy and Briar, rose 193 per cent and 57 per cent respectively. Daily active users also rose across all three apps, with Bitchat surpassing 250,000 active users on Jul 22, a record for the platform. Unlike conventional messaging platforms, the apps allow nearby devices to connect directly using Bluetooth rather than mobile networks or Wi-Fi. Protesters and volunteers also circulated checklists advising those heading to demonstrations to carry power banks, download offline maps, save emergency contacts, wear protective goggles and install offline messaging apps as backup communication tools, Mishra said.