“The best products should succeed on the strength of their quality, not because they belong to the company that runs the search engine. Furthermore, European consumers have the right to be informed by app developers about where to find the best deals, even when the app store owner does not receive any commission,” said the European Commission’s Vice-President responsible for competition, Teresa Ribera. As the Commission has stated, under the Digital Markets Act, gatekeepers must not treat their own services more favourably in rankings than third-party services. Furthermore, Google also prevents app developers from freely communicating and promoting offers and entering into contracts with users via the distribution channels of their choice, including third-party app stores. The fines imposed on Google take into account the seriousness and duration of the infringement.