The bill instead seeks to integrate something that may prove even more important over the long term: the defence innovation ecosystems of the United States and Israel. It directs the Department of Defence to establish a permanent framework for collaboration with Israel in emerging defence technologies. The initiative has also received strong support from the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), Washington's most influential pro-Israel advocacy organisation. The initiative seeks to ensure that American and Israeli innovation develops within a common institutional framework. The closer integration of American and Israeli defence industries presents both challenges and opportunities.