The objective of this study was to evaluate how PAA efficacy against Salmonella is influenced by environmental and biological factors (temperature, serovar, and bacterial concentration). Across all strains and conditions, the constructed models estimated a theoretical Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of 67 ppm and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of 104 ppm when determined at 5 log10CFU/mL. However, PAA efficacy decreased in response to increments in bacterial concentration. For each 1 log10CFU/mL increment in bacterial concentration, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration values increased 32 ppm, and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values increased 39 ppm. As an example, Newport had comparatively higher Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values (12 ppm and 30 ppm higher, respectively) than other serovars at 37°C, but this trend was not sustained at 4°C or 26°C.